Biomimicry is a method of replicating natural processes or designs to upgrade existing technology or create something entirely from scratch. Natural things have evolved to resist many conditions and prevail by adapting to their surroundings. Their processes or structures have, in a way, undergone trials and test against a myriad of factors.
The most common example of biomimicry is the Velcro strip which a Swiss engineer created when he observed burrs of the Burdock plant sticking to his dog after a trek. Another example would be light weight Kevlar which derives its inspiration from spider silk.
